Rolling bearing manufacturing technology (bearing manufacturing, bearing processing):
Although there are many types of rolling bearings, their structural type, tolerance grade, material selection and processing lining method are different, but the basic manufacturing process includes the following contents:
Bearing parts manufacturing - bearing parts inspection - bearing parts demagnetization, cleaning, rust - bearing assembly - bearing finished inspection - Bearings, finished demagnetization, cleaning - Bearings, finished products, grease, packing bucket, finished storage.
The ring is an important part of rolling bearings. Because of the variety of rolling bearings, the size, structure, equipment and process methods of rolling bearings are different. Because the machining process of ring is more, the process is complex, and the precision of the bimetal bearing is high. Therefore, the processing quality of the ferrule has an important influence on the accuracy, service life and performance of the bearing.
The raw material of the ferrule is cylindrical bar or pipe material. At present, according to the forming process, the rolling bearing ring generally has the following manufacturing processes.
1) (rod material) blanking - forging - annealing (or normalizing turning (cold rolling) - heat treatment, quenching, tempering - grinding - parts inspection - demagnetization, cleaning - submission of assembly
2) (bar, tube, material) blanking - cold rolling forming - heat treatment, quenching, tempering - grinding - parts inspection - demagnetization, cleaning - submission of assembly
3) (pipe material) blanking - turning, forming - heat treatment, quenching, tempering - grinding - parts inspection - demagnetization, cleaning - submission of assembly
4) (bar material) blanking - cold (warm) extrusion forming - turning - heat treatment, quenching, tempering - grinding - parts inspection - demagnetization, cleaning - submission of assembly
Ferrule forming method:
At present, in the process of ring forming, the main forming methods are as follows: forging forming, turning forming, cold rolling forming and cold (warm) extrusion forming. In the above forming methods, the most widely used in forging processing, accounting for about 80% of the total production, for some small general-purpose products can be made directly by rod (pipe) turning molding. Since 1980s, some small and medium enterprises in China have adopted cold rolling and cold (warm) extrusion forming technology in the production of small and medium-sized rings.
1) forging forming:
Through forging, it can eliminate the inherent defects of the metal, improve the metal structure, make the metal line distribute reasonably, and the metal is tight. Forging forming process is widely used in bearing forming process, and can be completed from the small diameter of ~20mm products to the outer diameter of 5000mm super large products processing. The common forging forming methods are hot forging, cold forging and warm forging, and hot forging is the main type in china.
Because of its different forming equipment, hot forging is divided into free forging process, press forging process, forging technology of flat forging machine and forging process of high speed forging machine.
2) cold rolling forming:
Cold rolling process is a kind of advanced processing method which can improve material utilization, improve the compactness of metal tissue and maintain the linearity of metal flow. It is a method of machining without chips. Theoretically, cold rolling products do not need turning, and can be directly processed by heat treatment and grinding. At present, cold rolling process is mainly used in medium and small deep groove ball bearings:
Forging blank (ring) - turning (except the channel) - rolling (ditch and chamfer) - soft face two whole size.
When cold rolling process and forging forming technology are adopted, the precision of the product is influenced by the precision of the equipment and the precision of the forming die.
3) turning forming:
In the bearing industry, the traditional turning forming technology is the use of special lathes, the use of centralized process to complete the molding process. However, due to the difficulty of equipment adjustment, low precision of machine tools and low material utilization rate, the process is being eliminated.
With the development of science and technology, CNC turning machine is developing rapidly and improving day by day. At present, more and more products with complex shapes and high precision are being used in CNC turning technology.
To sum up, the direction of ring forming process should be toward the metal material utilization rate, high production efficiency, high precision forming direction. Therefore, high speed upsetting technology, cold rolling technology and CNC turning forming technology will be used more and more.
Although there are many types of rolling bearings, their structural type, tolerance grade, material selection and processing lining method are different, but the basic manufacturing process includes the following contents:
Bearing parts manufacturing - bearing parts inspection - bearing parts demagnetization, cleaning, rust - bearing assembly - bearing finished inspection - Bearings, finished demagnetization, cleaning - Bearings, finished products, grease, packing bucket, finished storage.
The ring is an important part of rolling bearings. Because of the variety of rolling bearings, the size, structure, equipment and process methods of rolling bearings are different. Because the machining process of ring is more, the process is complex, and the precision of the bimetal bearing is high. Therefore, the processing quality of the ferrule has an important influence on the accuracy, service life and performance of the bearing.
The raw material of the ferrule is cylindrical bar or pipe material. At present, according to the forming process, the rolling bearing ring generally has the following manufacturing processes.
1) (rod material) blanking - forging - annealing (or normalizing turning (cold rolling) - heat treatment, quenching, tempering - grinding - parts inspection - demagnetization, cleaning - submission of assembly
2) (bar, tube, material) blanking - cold rolling forming - heat treatment, quenching, tempering - grinding - parts inspection - demagnetization, cleaning - submission of assembly
3) (pipe material) blanking - turning, forming - heat treatment, quenching, tempering - grinding - parts inspection - demagnetization, cleaning - submission of assembly
4) (bar material) blanking - cold (warm) extrusion forming - turning - heat treatment, quenching, tempering - grinding - parts inspection - demagnetization, cleaning - submission of assembly
Ferrule forming method:
At present, in the process of ring forming, the main forming methods are as follows: forging forming, turning forming, cold rolling forming and cold (warm) extrusion forming. In the above forming methods, the most widely used in forging processing, accounting for about 80% of the total production, for some small general-purpose products can be made directly by rod (pipe) turning molding. Since 1980s, some small and medium enterprises in China have adopted cold rolling and cold (warm) extrusion forming technology in the production of small and medium-sized rings.
1) forging forming:
Through forging, it can eliminate the inherent defects of the metal, improve the metal structure, make the metal line distribute reasonably, and the metal is tight. Forging forming process is widely used in bearing forming process, and can be completed from the small diameter of ~20mm products to the outer diameter of 5000mm super large products processing. The common forging forming methods are hot forging, cold forging and warm forging, and hot forging is the main type in china.
Because of its different forming equipment, hot forging is divided into free forging process, press forging process, forging technology of flat forging machine and forging process of high speed forging machine.
2) cold rolling forming:
Cold rolling process is a kind of advanced processing method which can improve material utilization, improve the compactness of metal tissue and maintain the linearity of metal flow. It is a method of machining without chips. Theoretically, cold rolling products do not need turning, and can be directly processed by heat treatment and grinding. At present, cold rolling process is mainly used in medium and small deep groove ball bearings:
Forging blank (ring) - turning (except the channel) - rolling (ditch and chamfer) - soft face two whole size.
When cold rolling process and forging forming technology are adopted, the precision of the product is influenced by the precision of the equipment and the precision of the forming die.
3) turning forming:
In the bearing industry, the traditional turning forming technology is the use of special lathes, the use of centralized process to complete the molding process. However, due to the difficulty of equipment adjustment, low precision of machine tools and low material utilization rate, the process is being eliminated.
With the development of science and technology, CNC turning machine is developing rapidly and improving day by day. At present, more and more products with complex shapes and high precision are being used in CNC turning technology.
To sum up, the direction of ring forming process should be toward the metal material utilization rate, high production efficiency, high precision forming direction. Therefore, high speed upsetting technology, cold rolling technology and CNC turning forming technology will be used more and more.